Nkhungu ndiye zida zoyambira zamagalimoto zamagalimoto.Zoposa 90% za magawo opanga magalimoto ayenera kupangidwa ndi nkhungu.Pamafunika pafupifupi 1,500 ma molds kuti apange galimoto yokhazikika, yomwe pafupifupi 1,000 ya masitampu amafa.Popanga zitsanzo zatsopano, 90% ya ntchito ikuchitika mozungulira kusintha kwa thupi.Pafupifupi 60% ya mtengo wa chitukuko cha mitundu yatsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakukula kwa thupi ndi kupondaponda ndi zida.Pafupifupi 40% ya ndalama zonse zopangira galimotoyo ndi mtengo wa kupondaponda kwa thupi ndi msonkhano wake.
Mu chitukuko cha makampani nkhungu galimoto kunyumba ndi kunja, luso nkhungu akupereka zinthu zotsatirazi chitukuko.
Choyamba, mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe atatu a nkhungu aphatikizidwa
Mapangidwe atatu a nkhungu ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la teknoloji ya nkhungu ya digito, ndipo ndilo maziko a kugwirizanitsa mapangidwe a nkhungu, kupanga ndi kuyang'ana.Japan Toyota, United States ndi makampani ena akwaniritsa mapangidwe atatu a nkhungu, ndipo apeza zotsatira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito.Zina mwazochita zotengedwa ndi mayiko akunja pamapangidwe atatu a nkhungu ndizoyenera kuphunzira.Kuphatikiza pa kuthandizira kupanga kophatikizana, mapangidwe atatu a nkhungu ndi abwino kuti ayang'ane zosokoneza, ndipo amatha kusanthula kusokonezeka kwa kayendetsedwe kake kuti athetse vuto muzojambula ziwiri.
Chachiwiri, kayesedwe ka ndondomeko ya stamping (CAE) ndiyodziwika kwambiri
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ndikukula kofulumira kwa mapulogalamu apakompyuta ndi zida, ukadaulo woyeserera (CAE) wopanga atolankhani watenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri.Ku United States, Japan, Germany ndi mayiko ena otukuka, luso la CAE lakhala gawo lofunikira la kapangidwe ka nkhungu ndi kupanga, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuneneratu zolakwika zomwe zimapanga, kukhathamiritsa kupondaponda ndi kapangidwe ka nkhungu, kuwongolera kudalirika kwa kapangidwe ka nkhungu, ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yoyesera.Makampani ambiri opangira nkhungu apanyumba apita patsogolo kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito CAE ndipo apeza zotsatira zabwino.Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CAE kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mtengo wa nkhungu yoyeserera ndikufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa kupondaponda kufa, komwe kwakhala njira yofunika kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti nkhunguyo imakhala yabwino.Ukadaulo wa CAE ukusintha pang'onopang'ono kapangidwe ka nkhungu kuchoka pakupanga kwamphamvu kupita ku kapangidwe kasayansi.
Chachitatu, teknoloji ya nkhungu ya digito yakhala yofala kwambiri
Kukula kofulumira kwaukadaulo wa nkhungu za digito m'zaka zaposachedwa ndi njira yabwino yothetsera mavuto ambiri omwe amakumana nawo pakupanga nkhungu zamagalimoto.Zomwe zimatchedwa ukadaulo wa nkhungu wa digito ndikugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapakompyuta kapena ukadaulo wothandizirana ndi makompyuta (CAX) popanga nkhungu ndi kupanga.Fotokozerani mwachidule zomwe zachitika bwino zamabizinesi akuumba ndi akunja amagalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito makompyuta.Digital automotive mold technology imaphatikizanso izi: 1 Design for manufacturability (DFM), yomwe imawona ndikusanthula kupangidwa kwapang'onopang'ono pakupanga kuonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi ikuyenda bwino.2 Ukadaulo wothandiza wa kapangidwe ka nkhungu pamwamba umapanga ukadaulo wanzeru wamapangidwe.3CAE imathandizira pakuwunika ndi kuyerekezera njira yosindikizira, kulosera ndi kuthetsa zolakwika zomwe zingatheke ndikupanga zovuta.4 Bwezerani mawonekedwe amitundu iwiri ndi mawonekedwe atatu-dimensional nkhungu.5 Njira yopangira nkhungu imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa CAPP, CAM ndi CAT.6 Motsogozedwa ndiukadaulo wa digito, thetsani zovuta pakuyesa komanso kupanga masitampu.
Chachinayi, kukula mofulumira nkhungu processing zochita zokha
Ukadaulo waukadaulo waukadaulo ndi zida ndizofunikira pakuwongolera zokolola ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino.Si zachilendo zida zamakina a CNC, zosinthira zida zodziwikiratu (ATC), makina owongolera a optoelectronic, ndi makina oyezera pa intaneti a zida zogwirira ntchito m'makampani apamwamba opangira nkhungu zamagalimoto.Makina a CNC asintha kuchoka pakupanga mbiri yosavuta kupita ku makina athunthu a mbiri ndi mawonekedwe.Kuchokera ku makina othamanga kwambiri mpaka otsika kwambiri kupita ku makina othamanga kwambiri, teknoloji yopangira makina yakula mofulumira.
5. Ukadaulo wokwera kwambiri wachitsulo chopondaponda ndi njira yamtsogolo yachitukuko
Zitsulo zolimba kwambiri zimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri pamagalimoto chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo abwino kwambiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola, mawonekedwe owumitsidwa, kuthekera kogawa, komanso kuyamwa kwamphamvu kugundana.Pakalipano, zitsulo zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posindikiza magalimoto makamaka zimaphatikizapo zitsulo zolimba za utoto (BH zitsulo), duplex steel (DP steel), ndi zitsulo zapulasitiki zomwe zimasintha gawo (TRIP steel).International Ultralight Body Project (ULSAB) ikuyembekeza 97% ya zitsanzo zapamwamba (ULSAB-AVC) zomwe zinayambika mu 2010 kukhala zitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha mapepala apamwamba amphamvu kwambiri muzinthu zamagalimoto chidzapitirira 60%, ndipo duplex Gawo lachitsulo lidzawerengera 74% ya mbale yazitsulo zamagalimoto.
Zitsulo zofewa zofewa makamaka zochokera ku IF zitsulo, zomwe tsopano zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, zidzasinthidwa ndi mbale zazitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo zitsulo zotsika kwambiri zazitsulo zidzasinthidwa ndi zitsulo zapawiri ndi ultra-high-strength steel. .Pakalipano, kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zazitsulo zamphamvu kwambiri pazigawo zamagalimoto apanyumba nthawi zambiri zimangokhala pazigawo zamapangidwe ndi zida zamtengo wapatali, ndipo kulimba kwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizoposa 500 MPa.Choncho, mwamsanga kudziwa mkulu-mphamvu zitsulo mbale sitampu luso ndi nkhani yofunika kuthetsedwa mwamsanga mu makampani China magalimoto nkhungu.
Chachisanu ndi chimodzi, zinthu zatsopano za nkhungu zinayambika pakapita nthawi
Ndi chitukuko chapamwamba komanso makina opangira masitampu agalimoto, kufa kwapang'onopang'ono kudzagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zida zopondaponda zamagalimoto.Zigawo zopondaponda zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ovuta, makamaka zing'onozing'ono ndi zazikuluzikulu zopondera zomwe zimafuna nkhonya zingapo m'njira wamba, zikuchulukirachulukira popanga kufa kwapang'onopang'ono.Progressive die ndi chinthu chopangidwa mwaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chimakhala ndi zovuta zaukadaulo kwambiri, zopanga bwino kwambiri komanso nthawi yayitali yopanga.Multi-station progressive die idzakhala imodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za nkhungu zomwe zimapangidwa ku China.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri, zida za nkhungu ndiukadaulo wamankhwala apamwamba zidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito
Ubwino ndi magwiridwe antchito a nkhungu ndizofunikira kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza mtundu wa nkhungu, moyo ndi mtengo wake.M'zaka zaposachedwapa, kuwonjezera pa zosiyanasiyana toughness mkulu ndi mkulu kuvala kukana ntchito ozizira kufa zitsulo, lawi lamoto anaumitsa ntchito kuzizira kufa zitsulo, ufa zitsulo ozizira ntchito kufa zitsulo, kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo kuponyedwa chitsulo mu lalikulu ndi sing'anga masitampu amwalira kunja. ndiwofunika.Chikhalidwe cha chitukuko cha nkhawa.Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala ndi kulimba kwabwino komanso kukana kuvala, ndipo ntchito yake yowotcherera, kugwirira ntchito ndi kuuma kwapamtunda kulinso kwabwino, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika kuposa wachitsulo cha alloy cast.Chifukwa chake, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popondaponda pamagalimoto.
Eight, kasamalidwe ka sayansi ndi chidziwitso ndi njira yoyendetsera mabizinesi a nkhungu
Mbali ina yofunika ya chitukuko cha ukadaulo wa nkhungu zamagalimoto ndi sayansi komanso kasamalidwe ka chidziwitso.Kuwongolera kwasayansi kwathandiza makampani a nkhungu kuti azitukuka mosalekeza kumbali ya Just-in-Time Manufacturing and Lean Production.Kasamalidwe ka mabizinesi ndi olondola kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito amawongoleredwa bwino, ndipo mabungwe osagwira ntchito, maulalo ndi ogwira ntchito akusinthidwa mosalekeza..Ndi kupita patsogolo kwa luso lamakono la kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka ntchito (ERP), kasamalidwe ka makasitomala (CRM), kasamalidwe kazinthu (SCM), kasamalidwe ka polojekiti (PM), etc. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
Chachisanu ndi chinayi, kupanga nkhungu yoyengedwa ndi njira yosapeŵeka
Zomwe zimatchedwa zoyengedwa kupanga nkhungu zimatengera njira yachitukuko ndi zotsatira zopangira nkhungu, makamaka kulinganiza kwa ndondomeko ya kupondaponda ndi kupanga mapangidwe a nkhungu, kulondola kwakukulu kwa nkhungu, kudalirika kwakukulu kwa nkhungu. mankhwala nkhungu ndi kasamalidwe okhwima a luso.Kugonana.Kupanga mozama kwa nkhungu siukadaulo umodzi, koma chiwonetsero chokwanira cha kapangidwe, kukonza ndi kasamalidwe kaukadaulo.Kuphatikiza pa luso laukadaulo, kukwaniritsidwa kwa kupanga nkhungu zabwino kumatsimikiziridwanso ndi kasamalidwe kokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-23-2023